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Gastrointestinal tract

  1. GI tract overview
  2. Preparations that affect GI motility
  3. Preparations used in constipation treatment
  4. Preparations that decrease or neutralize gastric acid secretions

This group of medical preparations is used to treat a wide variety of stomach and duodenal diseases associated with hyper-acidity. Medications that raise intragastric pH are used to treat peptic and duodenal ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux and decrease the risk of ulcers. They include the following groups of drugs:

  • Proton Pump Inhibitors are the most effective inhibitors of gastric secretion. They are used for prolonged reduction of stomach acidity. Along with gastritis they are also used in dyspepsia, GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux disease), extraesophageal reflux disease, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. This group of medicines include the following medications: Aciphex, Nexium, Lansoprazole, Prevacid, Protonix, Omeprazole
  • Antacids are alkalines which neutralize hydrochloric acid in the stomach. They are used to treat hyperacidity in the stomach.
  • Histamine receptors type 2 antagonists. This group works by suppressing the action of histamine on parietal cells of the stomach. Histamine 2 antagonists are used to treat peptic ulcer disease, GERD. This group of medicines includes: Famotidine, Cimetidine and Ranitidine.
  • Cytoprotectors is any medication that combats ulcers not by reducing gastric acid but by increasing mucosal protection (sucralfate).

Additional drugs in classes of their own are also used in the treatment and/or prevention of various GI conditions. They include misoprostol (prostoglandin analogue), octreotide (somatostatin analogue), budesonide and other drugs

The treatment of GI diseases must include not only the application of different medications, but also focusing on life style changes, avoiding alcohol and smoking cessation.



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