- Allergy treatment
- Antimicrobials for systemic use
- Antiparasitic drugs
- Cardiovascular system
- Dermatology
- Drugs affecting metabolism
- Drugs used in sensory organ disorders
- Gastrointestinal tract
- Haemopoietic system and blood
- Locomotor system
- Nervous system
- Respiratory system
- Systemic hormones
- Urogenital system and Sexual hormones
Haemopoietic system and blood
- Haemopoietic system overview
- Main symptoms of haemopoietic system disorders
- Hematopoietic drugs
- Drugs affecting hemostasis
In various areas of medicine used drugs decreasing (anticoagulant) or increasing (antihemorrhagic) blood clotting.
Anticoagulant and antithrombotic drugs. To prevent thrombus formation and development of thromboembolism often occurred after surgical intervention, myocardial infarction, as well as other diseases, are used substances that inhibit blood clotting. Anticoagulant drugs include anticoagulants, fibrinolytic preparations and antiplatelet drugs.
Anticoagulants are mainly used to prevent the formation of fibrin strands and thrombus formation. They promote cessation of growth of blood clots that have already arisen. They are divided into 2 groups: anticoagulants of direct and indirect action. Direct anticoagulants include various natural anticoagulant factors - heparin and antithrombin III. Indirect anticoagulants include acenocoumarol (Syncumar), phenindione, etc. All of them are antagonists of vitamin K, necessary for the formation of prothrombin in the liver.
Fibrinolytic agents cause destruction of the formed fibrin strands, and they contribute mostly to the resorption of fresh blood clots.
Antiplatelet agents inhibit aggregation of platelets and red blood cells, reduces their ability to stick to the endothelium of blood vessels. A pronounced antiplatelet effect posses non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, among which is widely used acetylsalicylic acid.
Antihemorrhagic and haemostatic drugs
Bleeding associated with increased fibrinolytic activity of blood, is relieved by inhibitors of fibrinolysis.
In the hemorrhagic syndrome with hypoprothrombinemia caused by, for example, abnormal liver function, are used vitamin K preparations. Ethamsylate is used to activate thromboplastin formation.
In the shortage of blood clotting factors (eg, hemophilia) is coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor in hemophilia A and human coagulation factor IX in hemophilia B.
